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Back in the ‘80’s, a major tobacco company paid to go into inner-city neighborhoods and hand out free samples of menthol cigarettes in an effort to acquire African Americans as customers.
Source:
PM, PHILIP MORRIS. BENSON & HEDGES PART-TIME INNER CITY SAMPLING PROGRAM. 1985 June 03. Philip Morris Records.
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Stores near high schools with higher African American enrollment had more menthol cigarette advertisements and cheaper Newport cigarettes than stores near high schools with higher white enrollment.
Source:
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Jan;14(1):116-21. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr122. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
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In cities like DC, there are up to 10 times more tobacco ads in black neighborhoods than other neighborhoods.
Source:
American Journal of Public Health : Peer Reviewed. "Marketing Little Cigars and Cigarillos: Advertising, Price,
and Associations With Neighborhood Demographics" ; Jennifer Cantrell, DrPH, MPA, Jennifer M. Kreslake, MPH, Ollie Ganz, MSPH, Jennifer L. Pearson, PhD, MPH, Donna Vallone, PhD, MPH,
Andrew Anesetti-Rothermel, MPH, Haijun Xiao, MS, and Thomas R. Kirchner, PhD ; October 2013, Vol 103, No. 10
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In 2010, 75.6% of African Americans were interested in quitting smoking and 59.1% reported making a quit attempt.
Source:
"Quitting Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2001--2010." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 11 Nov. 2011. 60(44): 1513-1519. Web.
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African Americans are less likely to successfully quit smoking than white Americans.
Source:
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR): Quitting Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2001--2010 ; Center for Disease Control and Prevention ; November 11, 2011
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Several studies have found a greater number of tobacco advertisements in African American neighborhoods.
Source:
"Disparities and Menthol Marketing: Additional Evidence in Support of Point of Sale Policies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health — Open Access Journal, Anderson, 2016 ; Moreland-Russel, 2013; Rising 2011
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Around the 1980s, tobacco companies labeled African Americans - less educated, prefer malt liquor, have problems with their own self-esteem.
Source:
"1990 (900000) New Marketing Ideas. Summary of Programs." Truth Tobacco Industry Documents, 1989. Report.
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About 20% of African American youth are exposed to secondhand smoke in the home.
Source:
American Legacy Foundation. Secondhand Smoke--Youth Exposure and Adult Attitudes--Results from Three National Surveys. Supplemental Tables. Table S-5. Prevalence of Secondhand Smoke Exposure (Ages 12-17) -1999-2003 LMTS.
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A study in DC just three years ago found that little cigars and cigarillos were cheaper in neighborhoods with a higher density of black residents.
Source:
American Journal of Public Health : Peer Reviewed. "Marketing Little Cigars and Cigarillos: Advertising, Price,
and Associations With Neighborhood Demographics" ; Jennifer Cantrell, DrPH, MPA, Jennifer M. Kreslake, MPH, Ollie Ganz, MSPH, Jennifer L. Pearson, PhD, MPH, Donna Vallone, PhD, MPH,
Andrew Anesetti-Rothermel, MPH, Haijun Xiao, MS, and Thomas R. Kirchner, PhD ; October 2013, Vol 103, No. 10
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In an effort to market to African Americans in the 80s, one tobacco company said their brand "must be seen as authentic" and "not as a big white company's tactic to sell to blacks."
Source:
"Salem Black Initiative Program Brand Team Ideation Session." Truth Tobacco Industry Documents. 03 Aug. 1989. Report.
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Menthol cigarettes are easier to start, more addictive, and harder to quit.
Source:
Truth Initiative, October 12, 2016.
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African-Americans are more likely to die from smoking-related diseases than whites, even though they smoke fewer cigarettes and make more quit attempts.
Source:
"African Americans and Tobacco Use." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 01 Mar. 2017.
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